Final Exam

1.How can one best describe diplomatic negotiations?

Diplomatic negotiations can be defined as the strategic process of merging contradictory positions into a relatively common position using the decision rule of unanimity, where the process determines the outcome.
It is the exchange of compensations and concessions using the international order framework employed by sovereign entities
All of the above

2.What are the main forms of diplomatic negotiations?

Bilateral diplomatic negotiations and multilateral diplomatic negotiations
Classical diplomatic negotiations, multilateral diplomatic negotiations, parliamentary diplomatic negotiations, and ad-hoc diplomatic negotiations

3.There are various ways in which diplomatic negotiations may be characterized. Which of the choices below reveals how one can best assess or otherwise define the characteristics of diplomatic negotiations?

The characteristics of diplomatic negotiations can be defined through the characteristics of diplomacy, and that of negotiations since the definition of diplomatic negotiation is derived from the two terms.
The best approach used to characterize diplomatic negotiations is to evaluate diplomatic practices and norms where it yields both positive and negative effects of the process.
None of the above. There are definite characteristics of diplomatic negotiations provided.

4.What are the main elements of diplomatic negotiations?

Inter-state negotiations, conflict of interest and power relationships, and diplomat and negotiation behaviour
Coexistence and reciprocity, Foreign affairs, open communication, foreign policy, international relations management, and the conduction of diplomatic relations.
Constructive ambiguity, precedence problems, complexity, and recognition questions
All of the above

5.While complexity is always deemed a negative factor that affects the most.spectrum of our day-to-day life, it proves to have an opposite effect in diplomatic negotiations. Various scholars such as Paul Meerts have assessed complexity as a vital characteristic of diplomacy. How does Meerts support this argument?

Meerts supports this by revealing that complexity is a negative characteristic of diplomatic negotiation since it makes facets inherently difficult, thereby limiting the diplomatic negotiation process.
Meerts supports this by disclosing that it favours the diplomatic negotiation process by helping the parties reach a consensus since the inherent lack thereof precision in the material during the diplomatic negotiation process makes it increasingly intricate to argue against the agreement effectively.
All of the above

6. Is inter-state negotiations similar to diplomatic negotiations?

Yes,
No

7.Is it necessary for countries to have common interests for diplomatic negotiations to be successful

Yes
No

8.Diplomatic negotiations often occur when the parties have an overlapping interest.

True
False

9.Who represents parties in a diplomatic negotiation?

Chosen diplomats only
Diplomats and, in some cases ambassadors

10.What is the function of diplomats?

The functions of diplomats I to simply represent the country during the diplomatic negotiation process
Diplomats have innumerable functions, among which is to represent the country during the diplomatic negotiation process

11.Can people affect the diplomatic negotiation process?

Yes
No

12.Why are people important in the diplomatic negotiation process?

People may exhibit characteristics such as mutual empathy, understanding, and patience, thus promoting a smooth diplomatic negotiation
People function as mere actors that represent states during diplomatic negotiation

13.Do the media act as a positive facilitator of diplomatic negotiations?

Yes
No

14.What are the four main challenges to diplomatic negotiations?

Violence, Media, Attitude, and lack of mutual understanding
Violence, complexity, bureaucracy, and people

15.Is Brexit a good example of diplomatic negotiations?

Yes
No

16.The core focus of international managerial economics is on managerial behavior

True
False

17.What is international managerial economics?

A branch in economics that pursues the applications of economic strategies, tools, and theories in a bid to solve practical problems within businesses or organizations
The exploration of macroeconomic variables and microeconomic variables within the business within the global economic market

18.Managerial interest is linked to the principal-agent problem in international managerial economics.

True
False

19.Is managerial interest important?

Yes
No

20.What is the principal-agent problem?

It is the dispute between principals and agents
t is a state where there a conflict in priorities, particularly between a group or an individual and the authorized representative selected to act on their behalf

21.The principal-agent problem may be eliminated by convincing managers to invest in the company or own at least 5% of the company. Is this statement True or False?

True
False

22.Although the ownership of 5 to 20% of the company by managerial economists is strategic, it may lead to other adverse effects of moral hazard issues. Is this statement True or False?

True
False

23.What are the types of international economics?

Internal and external international economics
Microeconomics and macroeconomics

24What is the main difference between macroeconomics and microeconomics?

Microeconomics is the study of economics at a large scale, while microeconomics is the study of small-scale economics
Macroeconomics mainly majors on whole economies, while microeconomics majors on individual markets

25.International managerial economics mainly focuses on microeconomics than macroeconomics.

True
False

26. What is the main role of international managerial economics?

The evaluation of economic patterns at micro-levels and the evaluation of markets at micro-levels
International managerial economics have various roles, among which is the evaluation of economic patterns at micro-levels and the evaluation of markets at micro-levels

27.International managerial economies is a scientific field that employs a normative approach rather than the positive approach.

True
False

28.Internal and external environments often influence international business. True or False?

True
False

29.Do both internal and external environments affect or otherwise influence international businesses?

Yes
No

30.Internal and external environments affect international businesses in similar ways. Is this statement true or false?

True
False

31.What are external environments in international business?

External environments are environments that are beyond or outside the influence of an organization
External environments are environments outside the country in which a business resides

32.External environments have more influence on international businesses than internal environments. Is this statement true or false?

True
False

33.What are the disciplines of international law?

Regional and Global international laws
Public international law, private international law, and supranational laws

34. Public international laws are the most used category of international laws. Is the statement true or false?

True
False

35.What are public international laws?

They are international laws that are used by the public
They are international laws that governor otherwise deal with the relationship between countries

36.Private international laws are international laws that are often developed privately between private organizations globally. Is the statement true or false?

True
False

37.Supranational law is a discipline of international laws that focus on laws that govern supranational organizations since these organizations have limitations in terms of the national laws since individual countries lack jurisdiction over it. Is the definition true or false?

True
False

38.Although there are various sources of international law, treaties are the most common source of international laws globally. Is the statement true or false?

True
False

39.What are the types of treaties?

regional and international treaties
Bilateral and multilateral treaties

40.What are treaties?

Treaties are written instruments in which various parties agree to adhere to the mandates of its negotiated terms
Treaties are legal procedures, rules, or regulations developed by states which necessitate all parties to adhere to its mandates
All of the above

41.Multilateral treaties are treaties that are between more than two countries or parties. Is the statement true or false?

True
False

42.Why are customs sources of international law?

Customs are general practices that have been accepted as law. They are often referred to as sources of international law if they have two vital elements; the evident practice of nations and the acceptance by nations that practice the customs as laws
Customs can be deemed sources of international laws since some form the basis of international norms that prove to have aspects such as generality, consistency, and repetition of a given behaviour, thereby forming international law.
All of the above

43. What are the most common general principles of law that act as sources of international laws?

The principle of equality, the principle of scarcity, the principle of unity, and the principle of human dignity
The principle of equity, the principle of equality, the principle of good faith, and the principle of estoppel
All of the above

44.The relationship between international law and municipal law can be noted at the procedural level; for instance, international laws can influence municipal laws in court proceedings. Is this statement true or false?

True
False

45.The Paris Agreement is a good example of how international law influences municipal laws since countries worldwide are restructuring their environmental laws to ensure that every organization reduces their production of greenhouse gases while conforming to the recommended level of greenhouse gases. Is this statement true?

Yes
No

46.What is the composition of the parliament in the United Kingdom?

The United Kingdom has only one parliament
The United Kingdom parliament’s composition referred to as a Two-House System

47.The House of Commons and the House of Lords have some similar roles and responsibilities even though they are two separate parliamentary entities. Is this statement true or false?

True
False

48. While the House of Lords can consider proposed financial bills, they lack the mandate to either amend or block these bills, unlike the House of Commons. Is this statement true or false?

True
False

49.What is the function of the parliament?

The function of the parliament is to simply act as representatives of the publi
The parliament has various functions, including scrutinizing the government’s works, legislative function, and financial control, among others.

50. Parliamentary affairs is a broad field that evaluates different parliamentary sections, including the parliament’s composition, the roles of parliament, and members of parliament instead of the assumption that it only covers parliamentary debates. Is this statement true or false?

True
False

Final Exam

Course Assessment; 50 Multiple Choice Questions

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Emmanuel Addo